Quantum-sized nanomaterials for solar cell applications

Kumar, Sandeep and Nehra, Monika and Deep, Akash and Kedia, Deepak and Dilbaghi, Neeraj and Kim, Ki-Hyun (2017) Quantum-sized nanomaterials for solar cell applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73. pp. 821-839. ISSN 1364-0321

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Abstract

To date, the development of clean and sustainable energy sources has been a central focal point of research, supporting the worldwide rising demand for energy along with associated environmental concerns. The abundance of solar energy on the surface of the earth and its popular appeal makes it a promising candidate to comply with long-term energy demands. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on different generations of solar cell based on the technological and economic aspects. The focus is on nanomaterial-based solar cells such as quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), a new PV mechanism that offers a new pathway for controlling energy flow. Over the past few years, a significant improvement has been achieved in the energy conversion efficiency (ECE) of QDSSCs (e.g., from 1% to beyond 11%). As such, they are a very promising alternative to conventional crystalline and thin film PV technologies due to their low cost, easy fabrication, and high performance. This review highlights the progress of QDSSCs along with future scope of innovative graphene structures, e.g., graphene-semiconductor nanomaterial (G-SNM), graphene-carbon nanotubes (G-CNT), and graphene-metal nanomaterial (G-MNM) hybrids in PV cells. In addition to graphene, we discuss other 2D materials that have remarkable optoelectronic properties for PV devices. The ECE of green QDSSCs (~11.61% certified) is now approaching that of dye-sensitized solar cells (~13%) through the technical advancement of many counterparts (e.g., photo-electrodes, sensitizers, electrolytes, and counter electrodes). Therefore, QDSSCs exhibit sufficient potential for future research focusing on the development of highly efficient solar cells.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Green energy; Light harvesting; Photovoltaic cells; Quantum dots; Solar cells; Energy conversion efficiency (ECE)
Subjects: CSIO > Nano Science and Nano Technology
Divisions: Nano Science and Nano Technology
Depositing User: Ms T Kaur
Date Deposited: 28 Feb 2019 15:48
Last Modified: 28 Feb 2019 15:48
URI: http://csioir.csio.res.in/id/eprint/769

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